The DNS system translates human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses through a series of steps. First, when a user types a domain name into a browser, the local DNS resolver checks its cache for the corresponding IP. Then, if not found, the query is forwarded to a recursive DNS server (often from an ISP), which begins querying globally distributed servers. Next, this server contacts a root name server, which directs it to the relevant Top-Level Domain (TLD) name server (e.g., for .com or .org). The TLD server then points to the domain's specific authoritative name server, which holds the actual IP address. Finally, the authoritative server provides the IP back to the recursive server, which caches it and returns it to the user's resolver, allowing the browser to establish a connection. More details: https://abcname.net